This week, I was surprised to see a very experienced facilitator asking on LinkedIn, “Any suggestions on tools, questions to get a group to really focus down on actions in the action planning/next step session of an agenda?"
It seems her groups have been coming up with weak and woolly actions and ideas.
So where to start? How about at the beginning.
What can be done to get engagement in achieving the objective before the meeting starts? Pre work will probably do more damage than good as people tend to be too busy to focus on something they don’t need to do just yet.
This is where an ‘Entry Board’ is essential. The names of the group should be posted up before they arrive and as they arrive, having their coffee, they write up an answer a couple of questions – one of which should be about what their expectations are relevant to the agenda. Now their minds are on the job in hand.
Now comes my pet passion. I really do not feel you will get engagement into ideas generation and action planning by sitting at a table with someone filling in a flip chart with the ideas being called out. Nor will getting people to write on wee Post-its that can’t be read from a distance and then getting them to organise and cluster.
No, this is where facilitation is key. Pose a question and get answers written on large cards (about 10 x 5cm). The answers should be clear, concise and brief. There are many ways to handle this writing – individually or working in groups of 5 or so. In the latter case everybody writes and then a have quick discussion to isolate the top X number of ideas. Collect in these key ideas and process them on a large Pinboard or two.
What do I mean by process them? Give the guide lines : ‘your cards, you say where they go, if you don’t understand a card, ask. If it goes into more than one cluster write it again and put it into its other correct cluster’. So the group tells you into which cluster they go and develop clusters as they go. The facilitator places the cards ensuring that he/she reads each and every card ensuring understanding. The group are involved ALL the time managing their own cards through the facilitator.
When done, ask for any other cards not handed in originally – but only ones which are significantly different. Put working titles onto each cluster and vote for the priorities.
Now the group can choose what they wish to take further and they will naturally form sub groups, each one working on what the topic they think is important and worth their time.
Give each sub group a template to work through ensuring they end up with a clear definition of their recommendation or action. Classically, we would use sectors on the template such as : We could.... (where they generate ideas) But.... (where they play the black hat) and So we recommend that......(where they put their final recommendation. This operation must be card driven – otherwise the one with the pen runs the group and you have lost engagement. Classic flip chart activity just does not work.
So far, your group has done ALL the work – so don’t waste it now by asking each group to present their thinking. (Rarely are groups good at it, they take too long and worse, those not presenting are passively doing nothing.)
Instead ask the groups to go round in their groups looking at the other groups’ work. Get them to work out the thinking behind the recommendations. If they like the recommendation get them to put a heart on a card and pin it up. If a recommendation has a heart from each group, you have consensus and it can go straight onto the action plan. If they do not like, or do not understand the recommendation, get them to pin on a question mark.
As facilitator ask, “What is the question?” The group can give their answer which removes the question mark or requires some rethinking before that particular recommendation goes into actions (if at all).
Now groups can fine tune their recommendations into action:
Topic, Specific steps, Who (in the room!) will do it, With whom (if necessary) and finally When.
Note: action plans go wrong when someone has an action that commits someone outside the room to do something. Never allow this. The action can only be for the person to talk with the other person and try to get their agreement. Going beyond one’s authority will naturally create resentment and failure.
So in summary: No flip charts. No Post-its. Stop doing it yourself.